SMAD family member 4 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:6770]
Entrez Summary
This gene encodes a member of the Smad family of signal
transduction proteins. Smad proteins are phosphorylated and activated by
transmembrane serine-threonine receptor kinases in response to transforming
growth factor (TGF)-beta signaling. The product of this gene forms homomeric
complexes and heteromeric complexes with other activated Smad proteins, which
then accumulate in the nucleus and regulate the transcription of target
genes. This protein binds to DNA and recognizes an 8-bp palindromic sequence
(GTCTAGAC) called the Smad-binding element (SBE). The protein acts as a tumor
suppressor and inhibits epithelial cell proliferation. It may also have an
inhibitory effect on tumors by reducing angiogenesis and increasing blood
vessel hyperpermeability. The encoded protein is a crucial component of the
bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathway. The Smad proteins are subject
to complex regulation by post-translational modifications. Mutations or
deletions in this gene have been shown to result in pancreatic cancer,
juvenile polyposis syndrome, and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
syndrome. [provided by RefSeq, May 2022]
Vaquerizas 2009 TF classification
"a" Has direct evidence of TF function;
"b" Has evidence for an orthologous TF;
"c" contains likely DBDs, but has no functional evidence;
"x" is an unlikely TF such as predicted gene, genes with likely non-specific DBDs or that have function outside transcription;
"other" category contains proteins without clear DBDs they curated from external sources.
a
CisBP considers it as a TF?
Yes
TFclass considers it as a TF?
Yes
Has GO:0003700 "transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding"
Yes
GO-Info
GO:0001077 RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor a IDA - PMID:9389648 GO:0003700 sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity IDA - PMID:10823886, PMID:17438144
Initial Assessment 1a1 Protein has a high confidence PWM (HT-SELEX, PBM or B1H model) or there is a crystal structure that supports sequence specific DNA binding;
1a2 There is high confidence data for a close ortholog (as defined in CisBP);
2a1 There is lower confidence direct evidence, such as a Jaspar, Hocomoco or Transfac model;
2a2 There is lower confidence evidence for an close ortholog;
3a There is decent circumstantial evidence for its role as a TF or not;
4a Two or more datasets predict it as a TF;
5a One of the source datasets predicts is as a TF